Synodontis petricola, also known as the Dwarf Petricola Catfish, is a small, hardy species of freshwater fish from the rocky shores of Lake Tanganyika, Africa, known for its adaptability and peaceful nature.
Overview
Synodontis petricola, commonly referred to as the Dwarf Petricola Catfish, is a small, peaceful catfish species belonging to the family Mochokidae. Native to the rocky shores of Lake Tanganyika in Africa, this species is admired for its adaptability and relatively easy care requirements. Synodontis petricola grows to a size of about 10-12 cm (4-5 inches) and can live for 8-15 years in captivity. It is primarily nocturnal, making it most active during the evening and night. This catfish is a popular choice for African cichlid community tanks due to its ability to thrive in similar water conditions and its generally peaceful temperament.
Tank Requirements
Synodontis petricola thrives in a well-maintained aquarium with a minimum volume of 150 liters (40 gallons). The water temperature should be kept between 23-28°C (73-82°F), with a pH range of 7.5-8.5 and a general hardness (GH) of 8-20. The tank should mimic their natural rocky habitat, providing numerous hiding spots using rocks, caves, and sturdy decorations to reduce stress and encourage natural behaviors. It is best kept in groups of at least 3-5 individuals, as they are social fish and exhibit more natural behaviors when in the company of conspecifics.
Feeding and Diet
Synodontis petricola is omnivorous and benefits from a varied diet. In the wild, they feed on a mix of invertebrates, algae, and detritus. In an aquarium setting, they should be provided with a balanced diet consisting of high-quality sinking pellets or wafers, along with live or frozen foods such as bloodworms, brine shrimp, and daphnia. Occasional offerings of vegetable matter, like blanched spinach or spirulina-based foods, can help maintain their health and vibrant coloration. Feeding should align with their nocturnal nature, preferably in the evening or at night.
Care and Maintenance
Caring for Synodontis petricola is relatively straightforward, making them suitable for aquarists with moderate experience. Regular water changes of 20-30% weekly are necessary to maintain water quality and prevent the buildup of toxins. Ensuring a clean substrate and providing ample hiding places will help minimize stress and promote natural behaviors. These catfish are generally hardy and can tolerate a range of water conditions, but it is important to avoid drastic changes in water parameters, which can cause stress or health issues.
Compatibility
Synodontis petricola is a great choice for community aquariums, especially with African cichlids that share similar water parameter requirements. They are peaceful and get along well with most cichlids from Lake Tanganyika, such as Julidochromis, Neolamprologus, and Altolamprologus species. Other suitable tank mates include other Synodontis species, as well as robust tetras and barbs that can handle similar water conditions. Avoid keeping them with overly aggressive or highly territorial fish that could harass them.
Breeding
Breeding Synodontis petricola in captivity can be moderately challenging but rewarding. They are egg scatterers and tend to spawn in caves or crevices. To encourage breeding, provide a well-maintained tank with stable water conditions and plenty of hiding spots. A higher protein diet of live or frozen foods can help condition them for spawning. Once the eggs are laid, they should hatch in about 3-5 days, and the fry can be fed infusoria or finely crushed flake food until they are large enough to accept larger food items. A dedicated breeding tank may improve the chances of survival for the fry, as adult fish may eat the eggs or fry if left in the community tank.