Steatocranus casuarius, commonly known as the Buffalo Cichlid, is a robust and striking freshwater fish with a distinctive appearance.
Overview
Steatocranus casuarius, commonly known as the Buffalo Cichlid or Buffalo Head Cichlid, is a distinctive freshwater fish native to the Congo River Basin in Africa. This species is known for its robust body and prominent forehead, which gives it a buffalo-like appearance. Growing up to 8-12 cm in length, the Buffalo Cichlid is a hardy fish that can adapt to various tank conditions but requires specific care to thrive.
Tank Requirements
Steatocranus casuarius requires a spacious aquarium with a minimum volume of 200 liters. The ideal water temperature ranges from 24-28°C, with a pH of 7.0 to 8.5 and water hardness (GH) between 10-20. The tank should be well-filtered and include hiding spots and structures to mimic their natural habitat. Providing a substrate of sand or fine gravel will help them feel more secure.
Feeding and Diet
In the wild, Buffalo Cichlids feed on a variety of invertebrates and small fish. In captivity, they should be provided with a diet that includes high-quality pellets, live or frozen foods such as worms, and occasional vegetable matter. Offering a varied diet will help maintain their health and vibrant coloration. Feed them 2-3 times a day with appropriate portion sizes.
Care and Maintenance
Caring for Steatocranus casuarius involves maintaining stable water conditions and providing a well-structured environment. Regular water changes of 25-30% weekly are recommended to ensure water quality. Monitor water parameters closely and adjust as necessary to keep them within the ideal range. While the Buffalo Cichlid is relatively hardy, they can be territorial and may display aggressive behavior, especially during breeding.
Compatibility
Steatocranus casuarius can be kept with other robust, non-aggressive fish. Suitable tank mates include other cichlids and large community fish. Avoid housing them with smaller or more timid species, as they may be intimidated. Providing plenty of hiding spots and territories will help reduce aggression and ensure a peaceful tank environment.
Breeding
Breeding Steatocranus casuarius in captivity can be challenging but rewarding. They are substrate spawners and require a separate breeding tank with stable water conditions. The male will create a nest site and attract the female to lay eggs. After spawning, the female will guard the eggs and care for the fry once they hatch. Providing ample hiding spots and a varied diet will support successful breeding and the health of the offspring.