Protomelas taeniolatus, commonly known as the Red Empress, is a stunning and colorful cichlid species native to Lake Malawi, appreciated for its vibrant hues and peaceful temperament.
Overview
Protomelas taeniolatus, commonly referred to as the Red Empress or Spindle Hap, is a visually striking species of cichlid from Lake Malawi, Africa. Known for their brilliant colors, the males display a vivid mix of red, blue, and orange, making them a popular choice among aquarium enthusiasts. Females, however, tend to have a more subdued coloration, often in shades of brown or grey.
These fish can grow to a length of 15-25 cm and live for around 8-10 years. Protomelas taeniolatus are relatively peaceful compared to other cichlids, making them suitable for larger community tanks with other Malawi species. Their vibrant appearance and moderate care requirements make them a great addition for intermediate-level aquarists.
Tank Requirements
Protomelas taeniolatus require a tank of at least 300 liters to thrive. They prefer water temperatures between 24-28°C, with a pH range of 7.5-8.5 and general hardness (GH) of 10-20 dGH. As with other cichlids, water quality is crucial, so good filtration and regular water changes are essential.
Rocks, caves, and other natural structures are ideal for decorating the tank, as these fish enjoy having hiding spots. Although they are not aggressive, territorial disputes can arise, especially during breeding periods, so providing plenty of space and hiding spots helps reduce stress. While plants are not required, hardy species can be added, though care should be taken as these cichlids may uproot or nibble on them.
Feeding and Diet
In their natural habitat, Protomelas taeniolatus feed on algae and small invertebrates. In an aquarium, they accept a wide variety of foods, including high-quality cichlid pellets, flakes, and occasional live or frozen foods like brine shrimp, bloodworms, and krill.
It’s important to offer a balanced diet with both plant-based and protein-rich components to maintain their vibrant colors and overall health. Feeding them spirulina-based foods is especially beneficial for enhancing their natural hues.
Care and Maintenance
Protomelas taeniolatus are relatively easy to care for, but maintaining good water quality is essential for their well-being. Regular water changes (20-30% weekly) and proper filtration will help keep the tank conditions stable and healthy for the fish.
Although they are hardy, sudden fluctuations in water parameters, such as pH or temperature, can lead to stress and health issues. Keep an eye on the water chemistry and perform regular testing to ensure optimal conditions.
Compatibility
Protomelas taeniolatus are generally peaceful, especially compared to more aggressive cichlids. They can be kept in a community setup with other Malawi cichlids of similar temperament, such as Aulonocara (Peacock cichlids) and other haplochromines. However, avoid keeping them with overly aggressive species like mbuna cichlids, as this can lead to conflicts.
To minimize aggression during breeding or territorial disputes, it’s recommended to have a ratio of one male to several females. Providing enough space and hiding spots will also help maintain a peaceful environment.
Breeding
Breeding Protomelas taeniolatus in captivity is possible, and they are known as mouthbrooders. During mating, the female will lay eggs and then carry them in her mouth for several weeks until they hatch. The fry will remain in the mother’s mouth for protection until they are ready to swim on their own.
To encourage breeding, provide a stable, well-maintained tank environment and offer high-quality food. The breeding tank should include flat surfaces where the female can lay eggs. Once the fry are released, they can be fed on baby brine shrimp or crushed flakes.