Melanochromis auratus, also known as the Golden Mbuna, is a brightly colored and territorial cichlid species native to Lake Malawi.
Overview
Melanochromis auratus, commonly known as Golden Mbuna or Auratus Cichlid, is a strikingly vibrant freshwater fish from Lake Malawi. They are known for their bright yellow bodies with bold black stripes and a distinctly territorial nature. Growing to a length of 10-12 cm and living up to 5-7 years, this cichlid is a popular choice for experienced aquarists due to its aggressive behavior and need for specific water conditions.
Tank Requirements
Golden Mbuna requires an aquarium of at least 150 liters with a temperature range of 24-28°C, a pH between 7.5 and 8.5, and a water hardness (GH) of 10-20. The tank should have plenty of rocks and caves to mimic their natural rocky habitat and provide hiding spots to reduce territorial aggression. A sandy substrate is preferred, and a good filtration system is necessary to maintain water quality.
Feeding and Diet
In the wild, Melanochromis auratus feeds on algae and small invertebrates. In captivity, they should be given a varied diet that includes high-quality cichlid pellets, spirulina-based foods, and occasional live or frozen foods like brine shrimp. Be cautious not to overfeed and maintain a regular feeding schedule.
Care and Maintenance
Regular water changes of 20-30% every week are necessary to maintain water quality and prevent stress in Golden Mbuna. Due to their aggressive nature, keeping them in a well-maintained tank with stable water parameters is crucial. They are prone to territorial disputes, so providing enough space and hiding spots is important to minimize conflicts.
Compatibility
Melanochromis auratus is known for its aggressive and territorial behavior, particularly towards fish of similar size and coloration. It’s best to house them with other similarly aggressive mbuna species from Lake Malawi. Avoid keeping them with peaceful or smaller fish, as they may be bullied or attacked. A large tank with plenty of hiding spots helps manage aggression.
Breeding
Breeding Golden Mbuna in captivity is relatively straightforward. These mouthbrooders are known for their unique breeding behavior, where the female holds the fertilized eggs in her mouth until they hatch. To encourage breeding, provide clean water and a varied diet. The fry can be fed crushed cichlid pellets or specialized fry food once they are free-swimming.