Boraras maculatus, or the Dwarf Rasbora, is a tiny, peaceful freshwater fish known for its striking color and suitability for nano tanks.
Overview
Boraras maculatus, commonly known as the Dwarf Rasbora or Spotted Rasbora, is a small freshwater fish native to slow-moving waters in Southeast Asia. With a maximum size of 1.5-2 cm, this species is one of the smallest available for aquarists, making it ideal for nano tanks and peaceful community aquariums. Boraras maculatus displays a vibrant red body with black spots and thrives in well-planted tanks with gentle water movement.
Tank Requirements
Dwarf Rasboras are highly adaptable to smaller tanks, with a minimum volume of 20 liters. The ideal water temperature is between 22-28°C, with a pH range of 5.0-7.0 and a general hardness (GH) of 2-12. Boraras maculatus prefers soft, slightly acidic water and a well-planted aquarium to provide them with ample hiding spaces and comfort. Floating plants are also recommended to diffuse light, as they appreciate a dimmer environment. A gentle filter that doesn't create strong currents is essential to replicate their natural habitat.
Feeding and Diet
In the wild, Boraras maculatus feed on tiny invertebrates, zooplankton, and insect larvae. In captivity, they will readily eat high-quality micro-pellets, crushed flakes, and small live or frozen foods such as daphnia, brine shrimp, and micro-worms. A varied diet ensures optimal health and helps enhance their natural colors. Feed them small portions twice a day to avoid overfeeding, especially in smaller tanks.
Care and Maintenance
Boraras maculatus is a hardy species that is easy to care for, making it suitable for beginner aquarists. Regular water changes of about 20-25% weekly are essential to maintain water quality. They are sensitive to sudden changes in water conditions, so stability is key. Due to their small size, ensure the tank is securely covered to prevent jumping. Additionally, avoid keeping them with larger or aggressive fish that may see them as prey.
Compatibility
Dwarf Rasboras are peaceful and best kept in schools of at least 8-10 individuals to reduce stress and encourage their natural schooling behavior. Suitable tank mates include other small, peaceful species such as smaller rasboras, tetras, shrimp, and snails. Avoid housing them with larger or aggressive fish, as their small size makes them vulnerable. A well-planned community tank with similar species ensures a peaceful environment where they can thrive.
Breeding
Breeding Boraras maculatus is achievable in captivity, though it can be challenging. A separate breeding tank with soft, acidic water (pH 5.0-6.5) and a temperature of 26-28°C is recommended. Dense plant cover, such as fine-leaved plants or spawning mops, is crucial for egg laying. The female will scatter her eggs among the plants, and the male will fertilize them. After spawning, the adults should be removed to prevent them from eating the eggs. The eggs will hatch in about 24-36 hours, and the fry can be fed with infusoria or liquid fry food until they are large enough to consume baby brine shrimp.